声音与乐器历史属性——以哈萨克斯坦哈萨克族弓弦乐器阔布孜研究为例

Sound and the Historical Nature of Musical Instruments——a Case Study of Kazakhstan String Instrument Qobyz

对一件乐器历史属性的判定可能有多种手段,要么借助于相关文献典籍的记载,要么借助于考古实物的时间鉴定,要么借助于一个族群对于一件乐器声音属性的历史认同。关于前两者,学界早已有丰硕成果频频问世,而后者却鲜有提及。本文以哈萨克斯坦哈萨克族弓弦乐器阔布孜为例,通过对哈萨克族群以阔布孜的声音来断定该件乐器历史属性的考察来探讨"声音与乐器历史属性之间关系"这一命题,以此来为近年来学界所提出的"声音民族志"研究提供新思路、新维度乃至实证依据。

There are various methods while investigating the historical nature of a musical instrument. Historical literature, archeological research, or a group of people＇ s identification towards an instrument＇ s sound can all be referred to. There have been plenty of achievements made with the first two methods, while the third one is largely ig- nored. My article takes Kazakhstan String Instrument Qobyz as a case study, using the third method to investigate its historical nature and to discuss the issue of ＂relationship between sound and the historical nature of musical instruments,＂ so that a new perspective and dimension could be made for the research of ＂sound ethnography. ＂