基于农业生态系统构建的土地整理景观生态规划途径

Landscape Planning in Land Consolidation Program for Agriculture Ecosystem Construction

在梳理我国土地整理项目生态建设方面问题的基础上,对构建农业生态系统以及将生态理念融入土地整理当中进行了剖析。论述了目前我国在将生态理念融入土地整理项目的过程中对生态的理解,以及生态景观建设当中存在的误区,之后从景观生态、生态系统和生物群落等3个层次讨论了在土地整理中以农业生态系统构建为总目标的景观生态规划设计途径。最后提出了我国今后进行生态化土地整理的建议:(1)加强相关规范和标准的研究制定,以增加可操作性;(2)在规划设计阶段按照不同层次进行生态化设计的体现,在规划设计方案中将生态理念进行融入,项目规划设计和评审中增加生态学方面的专家,同时设计方案应该尽量细化;(3)施工阶段生态措施的落实和监督;(4)后期维护阶段的生态系统管理和监控,是保证项目区生态系统结构完善和功能正常发挥的关键,这也是目前的项目管理中最为薄弱的环节,今后需要大力加强。

Based on the summary of ecological construction in land consolidation program, which were analyzed that the construction of agricultural eco-system and ecological concept using into the land consolidation. The misunderstanding about putting ecology and eco-landseape in the process of land consolidation projeet in China were discussed, and then three ways of landscape planning were put forward from landscape ecology, ecological system and biological communities. At last, some suggestions were discussed about ecological land consolidation ：（1） strengthen the study and establish of standards ;（2） it is necessary that ecological ideas should be carried out in accordance with the different levels in the planning and design stage ;（3） construction of ecological measures implementation and supervision; （4） ecosystem management and monitoring are the key to ensure ecosystem structure and function.