Abbe瓣术式发展、手术效果评估方法及影响因素

Technique development, postoperative assessment methods, and influencing factors of Abbe flap

Abbe瓣是以下唇动脉为蒂的交叉唇瓣,它将含有下唇皮肤、肌肉及黏膜组织的全厚瓣向上旋转,用以修复上唇正中的组织缺损或瘢痕挛缩。自1898年Abbe提出这一术式并将其用于临床之后,对手术方法的改良与创新层出不穷,均旨在解决蒂部体积过大、唇部动度不佳、供区瘢痕形成等问题。手术效果的评价方法有问卷调查、等级评分系统等定性评价方法,以及以唇指数为代表的定量评价方法。影响手术效果的因素包括组织缺损的类型、下唇动脉的走行及位置、组织瓣和蒂部的大小形态等。本文就Abbe瓣的术式发展、手术效果评估方法以及手术效果的影响因素作一综述。

Abbe flap is a pedicled cross-lip flap procedure that includes inferior labial vessels. This technique involves the transfer of the full-thickness flap containing skin, muscle, and mucosa to the central part of the upper lip where severe deficiency or scarring exists. Since it was introduced by Abbe in 1898, the Abbe flap technique has undergone numerous modifications and innovations, aiming at reducing pedicle bulk, increasing lip mobility, and lessening donor site morbidities. In general, postoperative assessment methods can be divided into qualitative assessment（questionnaires and ordinal scales） and quantitative assessment（lip index）. The potentially influencing factors are the type of tissue deficiency, the anatomical characteristics of the inferior labial artery, and the shape and size of the flap and the pedicle. This article reviews the technique development, postoperative assessment methods, and potential influencing factors of the Abbe flap technique.