宗气不足证临床表征医案文献分析

Medical Case Literature Analysis of Clinical Characterization on Pectoral Qi Insufficiency Syndrome

目的了解宗气不足证临床常见症状、体征,为其临床诊治提供依据。方法通过检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)1954年1月-2013年10月及中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)1985年1月-2013年10月所收录期刊中129则宗气不足医案,将医案中所含有的症状、体征进行归类统计分析,结合专家意见,初步归纳宗气不足证常见临床表征。结果宗气不足证主要症状为气短,动则加重、甚则气喘;伴见症状为面色白或晦黯、神疲、乏力、少气懒言、不寐、头晕、目眩等;常见并发症状为心肺气血运行不畅之胸闷、胸痛、心悸、紫绀、咳嗽等,脾虚不运之纳呆、便溏、腹胀,阳虚气化失利之四肢逆冷、畏寒、浮肿、小便不利、口干。结论本研究总结了医案报道中宗气不足证的临床表征,为规范宗气不足证临床诊治、阐释其科学内涵提供了依据。

Objective To identify the common clinical symptoms and signs of pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome： To provide evidence for its clinical treatment. Methods By retrieving 129 medical cases related to pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome in CNKI from January 1954 to October 2013 and Wanfang Database from January 1985 to October 2013, the authors made a statistical analysis of the symptoms and signs in medical cases related to pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome and elementarily generalized the common clinical characterization on pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome under the guidance of the TCM specialists. Results The cardinal syndromes of common clinical manifestation on pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome were shortness of breath and panting on exertion. The concomitant syndromes were pale or dim complexion, lassitude of spirit, lack of strength, shortage of qi and disinclination to talk, inability to sleep, dizziness, dizzy vision, etc. And it commonly superimposed failing to circulation qi-blood of cardiopulmonary as oppression in the chest, chest pain, palpitations, cyanosis, cough, etc, dysfunction of the spleen in transportation and transformation as torpid intake, sloppy stool, abdominal distension, and impairment of qi transformation due to Yang deficiency as cold limbs, fear of cold, edema, inhibited urination, and dry mouth. Conclusion The authors summarized cardinal syndrome, concomitant syndromes and superimposed symptoms on pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome from reported medical cases, which can provide scientific basis for normalizing the clinical diagnosis and treatment and interpreting the scientific connotation of pectoral qi insufficiency syndrome.