清代清水江下游碑铭中的社会秩序——贵州天柱地区碑铭田野调查

Social Orders Reflected on the Inscriptions in Downstream Qingshuijiang River Areas in the Qing Dynasty:A Field Investigation in Tianzhu County of Guizhou Province

清代时期,木材贸易的兴盛加剧了清水江下游地区的社会秩序的变化,碑铭作为重要的载体记述了变化的内容。对清水江下游天柱地区村头寨尾的碑铭进行收集、整理与研究,将之梳理为铺路碑、禁忌碑、诉讼碑、家族碑和教育碑等不同内容,其显现的社会秩序乃是国家与地方、地方民众之间相互协商的结果。通过对不同碑文的研究,以期勾勒出清代该地民众自我规约以达到自我管理之效的社会生活秩序。

As an important media,inscriptions recorded the changes of social orders intensified by the flourishing timber trade in the downstream Qingshuijiang River areas during the Qing Dynasty. In the present research,inscriptions collected from villages in Tianzhu were sorted out and studied. They were divided into five categories： road- paving inscriptions,taboo inscriptions,litigation inscriptions,clan- recording inscriptions and enlightenment inscriptions. The findings reveal that the social orders found in the inscriptions are the negotiation results between central and local governments as well as the negotiation results among local people. The study aims to outline the effective self- regulated social orders structured for self- management conducted by the people in Tianzhu area during the Qing Dynasty.