伦理与规范:京族习惯法对自然资源的保护——以《封山育林保护资源禁规》为考察中心

Ethics and Rules:Jing People's Customary Laws for Natural Resources Conservation:A Case Study of Rules for Forest Conservation

京族习惯法自然观的本质是把自然世界"神灵化"。以《封山育林保护资源禁规》为代表的京族保护自然资源习惯法,体现了京族习惯法"神灵化"自然观的生态伦理,其具体规范有习惯法与制定法互动、财产性惩罚与精神性赎罪结合、惩罚性措施与奖励性措施并行等的特征。总体而言,京族习惯法为保护当地的自然资源发挥了重要作用,对于当代我国完善环境资源保护的相关立法也具有重要的借鉴意义。

The essence of Jing people＇s customary laws regarding their view of nature is to sanctify the natural world. Typical Jing people＇s customary laws for natural resources protection,that is,the forbidden rules for forest conservation embody their ecological ethics in terms of sanctifying their view of nature. Specifically,the regulations of their customary laws are characterized by the interaction between customary laws and statute laws,the combination of property punishment and spirit atonement,and parallel measures of punishment and reward. Overall,Jing people＇s customary laws have played an important role in protecting local natural resources,and they can be significant references for China to improve relevant environment and resources protection laws.