锥形束CT对上牙槽后动脉骨孔的测量分析研究

Evaluating the bony canal structure of the posterior superior alveolar artery using cone-beam computed tomography

目的通过锥形束CT(CBCT)影像评估上牙槽后动脉骨孔位置、大小及与剩余牙槽骨的关系。方法选择2011年4月—2012年9月前来南昌大学附属口腔医院种植科要求行上颌窦底提升手术和(或)上颌磨牙区种植手术,并且拍摄CBCT的患者116名,测量记录其上牙槽后动脉骨孔下缘至剩余牙槽嵴顶间距、上牙槽后动脉骨孔直径、剩余牙槽嵴高度,对各测量值进行统计分析。结果入选116名患者中上牙槽后动脉骨孔的发现率为75.14%(133/177);骨孔的平均直径为(0.96±0.29)mm;剩余牙槽嵴高度平均值为(7.14±3.64)mm;上牙槽后动脉骨孔下缘距剩余牙槽嵴顶间距均值为(17.92±5.68)mm。经采用独立样本t检验发现性别对骨孔直径影响差异有统计学意义(F=0.187,P<0.05);右侧和左侧骨孔间差异无统计学意义(F=0.295,P>0.05)。上牙槽后动脉骨孔下缘距牙槽嵴顶间距与剩余牙槽嵴高度显著正相关。结论 CBCT在发现上牙槽后动脉骨孔具有较明显的优势。

Objective This study aims to examine the prevalence and diameter of the bony canal structure of the posterior superior alveolar artery（PSAA）,residual alveolar bone height,and distance of its inferior border from the alveolar crest using cone-beam computed tomography（CBCT）.Methods CBCT images of maxilla in 116 patients were randomly selected from patients who underwent maxillary sinus augmentation procedure and/or posterior teeth implant therapy from April 2011 to September 2012.The lower border of the bony canal to the alveolar crest,diameter of the bony canal,and residual alveolar bone height below the sinus floor to the ridge crest were measured from CBCT scans.Data were presented using descriptive statistics.Results The prevalence of the bony canal was 75.14%（133/177）.The mean diameter of the bony canal was（0.96±0.29） mm.The residual alveolar bone height was（7.14±3.64） mm.The distance of the bony canal’s inferior border from the alveolar crest was（17.92±5.68） mm.No statistically significant differences between the right and left sides were observed（F=0.295,P〉0.05）.The mean diameter of the bony canal was significantly smaller in females than that in males（F=0.187,P〈0.05）.The maxillary alveolar dimension was significantly correlated with the residual alveolar bone height.Conclusion The results from this study suggest that CBCT is a valuable tool in evaluating the presence of the bony canal of the PSAA before maxillary sinus surgery.