深圳地区献血者戊型肝炎病毒感染流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of hepatitis E virus infection in blood donors in Shenzhen

目的调查深圳地区无偿献血者戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染率与特征。方法对深圳市血液中心2013年3-4月期间4 046份无偿献血者样品留样,应用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）筛查HEV Ig G与Ig M抗体的阳性率,并分析HEV Ig G与Ig M抗体在献血者人群的分布特征。结果 4 046名献血者中,HEV Ig G与Ig M抗体的检出率分别是22.15%（896/4 046）、1.24%（50/4 046）。50例HEV Ig M阳性样中,有88.00%（44/50）合并HEV Ig G阳性。HEV Ig G与Ig M阳性率在不同性别、谷丙转氨酶阴阳性组和不同血型间差异均无统计意义（P〉0.05）。Ig G阳性率随着年龄增大而显著升高（P〈0.000 1）。重复献血者的HEV Ig G与Ig M阳性率均显著高于初次献血者（P〈0.000 1）。结论深圳地区献血人群存在一定比例的戊型肝炎病毒感染者,为戊肝的输血安全性评估提供基础数据。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E virus infection（HEV） in blood donors in Shenzhen. Methods 4 046 donors serum samples collected from March to April in 2013 were tested for the Ig G and Ig M against HEV and analyzed for the distribution characteristics of these antibodies. Results The detection rates of anti-HEV Ig G and Ig M were 22.15%（896 / 4 046） and 1.24%（50 / 4 046）, respectively. Anti-HEV Ig M were found in 50 / 4 046 samples,of which 44 samples were positive with Ig G. The positive rates of anti-HEV Ig G and Ig M among donors did not show any significant differences on the gender, blood type and ALT positive / negative group except the repeated blood donor group（P〈0.000 1）. The rate of anti-HEV Ig G increased with age（P〈0.000 1）. Conclusion There were a certain percentage of HEV carriers in voluntary blood donors in Shenzhen. It is important to assess the safety of blood transfusion against HEV in Shenzhen.