粪便及尿液生物标记物用于早期诊断新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎研究进展

Research progress of fecal and urinary biomarkers for early diagnosis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是新生儿期常见的危重胃肠道疾病。积极探寻早期诊断NEC的生物标记物,对于及时诊断NEC,并采取有效措施改善患儿预后具有重要意义。粪便及尿液生物标记物监测具备无创性的特点,因而受到广泛关注。标志物包括尿液源性的肠源性脂肪酸结合蛋白、血清淀粉样蛋白A、补体C3a和C5a;粪便源性的乳铁蛋白、肠道菌群谱变化、钙卫蛋白、S100A12蛋白及高迁移率族蛋白B1等。文章对这些标志物在应用于早期诊断NEC方面的研究进展作一综述。

Necrotizing enterocolitis （NEC） is the most common severe gastrointestinal emergency in neonatal period. Searching biomarkers to identify infants at greatest risk of developing NEC might be of importance for early diagnosis, effective treatment and better prognosis of NEC. Biomarkers from stool and urine attract great attention due to non-invasiveness and easy availability of fecal and urinary sampling. This article reviews the latest research progress of non-invasive biomarkers including intestinal fatty acid binding protein, serum amyloid A, complement C3a and C5a in urine;fecal lactoferrin, intestinal bacteria spectrum, fecal calprotectin, S100A12 and high mobility group box-1 protein.