湖南省1993-2012年麻风病流行特点分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of leprosy in Hunan Province in 1993-2012

目的了解湖南省麻风发病流行特点,找出规律,制定相应的防治策略,最终达到消除麻风病危害的目的。方法采用流行病学的方法,对1993-2012年期间,湖南麻风流行强度、分布、疾病分型、发现方式、畸残、延迟期等情况进行分析。结果湖南省麻风病处于低流行状态,但分布极不均衡;1993-2002年与2003-2012年相比较,复发病例占全部病例的比例有所上升;年均发病下降;延迟期有所延长;畸残率增高。结论要重点抓好麻风相对高发地区(湘西州、怀化市、张家界市)的麻风防治工作;要加强基层麻风防治人员防治能力的培训,加强发现病人的力度,降低延迟期,降低畸残率。

Objective To explore the epidemic features of leprosy in Hunan Province, to formulate the corresponding preven- tion and control strategies so as to achieve the goal of elimination of leprosy finally. Methods The epidemic intensity, distribu- tion, types, manner of case- detection, disability and lag of detection of leprosy in Hunan Province during 1993 - 2012 were an- alyzed by epidemiological methods. Results Leprosy was at a low prevalence level in Hunan Province and showed extraordi- narily unequal distribution. Comparison of the data between the period of 1993 - 2002 and the period of 2003 2012 indicated that the proportion of the recurrent cases showed an increasing tendency, the annul incidence declined, the lag period was pro- longed and the disability rate increased. Conclusions It is urgent to pay more attention to the prevention and control of leprosy in high prevalence area such as Xiartgxi, Huaihua and Zhangjiajie. It is important to reduce the lag period and the disability rate by intensifying the train of the grass- roots medical professionals＇ capacity and enhancing the power of case- detection.