佛山地区7~17岁儿童肥胖的流行现状及影响因素分析

The prevalence of obesity and its influencing factors among teenagers aged 7-17 years in Foshan region

目的调查佛山地区7~17岁青少年儿童超重及肥胖的检出率及分布情况,分析相关影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取南海区2个街道6个镇共17 124户中7~17岁常住居民进行调查。采用入户面对面访谈的方法,并进行相关人体测量。采用中国肥胖问题工作组青少年超重肥胖标准计算超重肥胖检出率,用SPSS13.0统计软件进行多因素Logistic回归分析,查找青少年儿童超重肥胖的相关影响因素。结果佛山地区青少年儿童体重指数均值为(18.26±3.14),超重、肥胖的检出率分别为7.9%、4.5%。男女生超重、肥胖检出率分别为10.1%、5.1%和5.3%、3.7%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归显示,与7~10岁儿童相比,13岁以上各年龄组超重肥胖的风险均明显下降,OR值分别为0.370、0.264,P均<0.01。其他包括性别0.544(0.443~0.668)、挑食0.692(0.560~0.857)、每天刷牙0.560(0.315~0.994)、每天玩电脑看电视时间1.398(1.007~1.942)及睡眠状况0.494(0.352~0.695)是青少年超重肥胖的影响因素。结论佛山地区青少年儿童超重肥胖率超过全国平均水平,成为严重的公共卫生问题,应以7~13岁儿童作为重点人群,通过改善饮食习惯和行为生活方式,加强体育锻炼等防治措施控制和降低超重肥胖的发生率。

Objective To investigate the incidence of overweight and obesity and the distribution among 7 - 17 years old teen agers in Foshan region and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods With a multi - stage stratified random sampling meth- od, permanent residents aged 7 17 years were selected from 17,124 families in 2 streets and 6 towns of Nanhai District, Fc,shan in 2010. Data of these residents were collected through face- to- face interviews and physical examinations. The incidence of overweight and obesity was calculated according to the standard for evaluation of adolescent overweight and obesity recommended by the Working Group on Obesity in China （WCA＇X2）. SPSS 13.0 software package was used to conduct multi - factor Logistic regression analysis on the factors influencing childhc^t overweight and obesity. Results Among 4,583 teenagers investigat ed, the mean body mass index （BMI） was （18.26 ＋ 3.14）, and the incidence of overweight and obesity was 7.9% and 4.5% respectively. The boys＇ incidence of overweight and obesity was 10.1% and 5.1%, while those in the girls were 5.3 % and 3.7 % respectively. The differences, were statistically significant （ P〈 0.05）. Multi - factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of overweight and obesity was significantly lower in the age groups 13 years and above than in the age groups 7 - 10 years, （OR：0. 370, OR： 0. 264, both P〈 0.01）. Other related factors included gender 0. 544 （0. 443 0. 668）, being particu- lar about food 0. 692 （0. 560 - 0. 857）, brushing teeth every day 0. 560 （0. 315 0. 994）, time for watching TV and playing computer 1. 398 （ 1. 007 - 1. 942） and sleeping condition 0. 494 （0. 352 - 0. 695）. Conclusions The incidence of adolescent overweight and obesity in Foshan is above the national average level, and it has become a severe public health problem. To control and relieve this situation, we recommend that there should be conducted some effective measures on improving dietary habits, be- havioral life style and physical exercise, especially for the teenagers aged 7 - 13 years.