饲料果胶对瘤胃微生物菌群和发酵特性及蛋白质合成的影响

Effects of Dietary Pectin on Ruminal Bacteria, Fermentation and Microbial Protein Synthesis

果胶作为一种结构性碳水化合物,在反刍动物营养中具有独特的作用。迄今为止,国内外工作主要是利用果胶含量较高的原料(如甜菜渣、柑橘渣等)替代高淀粉含量的谷物,研究其对反刍动物瘤胃发酵和微生物蛋白合成的影响,但有关果胶的作用与价值的评价不尽一致,而对果胶影响瘤胃微生物群落结构以及果胶降解菌这类功能微生物的研究与认知则更加有限。本文综述了饲料资源中果胶的含量与结构、瘤胃中果胶降解菌以及饲料果胶在反刍动物生产中的应用现状,为高果胶含量饲料的科学应用提供参考依据。

A large number of scientific researches have showed that pectin, as a structural carbohydrate in plant feeds,plays an important role in ruminant nutrition. Although comparative effects of substituting starch-rich feeds （corn orbarley grain） with pectin-rich feeds （sugar beet pulp or citrus pulp） have been extensively investigated, the responsesof animals in rumen fermentation and microbial protein production were not consistent. Moreover, there seems to bevery few studies focused on the effect of pectin on ruminal bacteria, and the knowledge of pectinolytic bacteria in therumen is very limited. In this review article, the authors summarized the structure and distribution of pectin in feedresources, pectinolytic bacteria in the rumen and its application in ruminant production, with aim at providingreference for the further research and application of pectin-rich feeds.