安全阈值基本原理及应用研究

Research on basic principle and application of safety threshold

为完善安全人机学系统内容,促进安全学科理论发展,通过分析感觉阈值、人因与安全属性的关系,研究安全阈值基本原理并构建相关模型。基于人因失误事故模型,借鉴人的不安全行为的主导因素-感觉阈值,提出安全阈值概念,并系统研究其6大特性。从阈值模型、意识论和阈值曲线3方面阐述安全阈值理论,提出全新的事故致因模型、教育方法及安全阈值范围,确定控制事故的新途径。最后,探讨感觉阈值与安全文化、职业健康、人机功能之间的关系,分析安全阈值对安全影响的等级关系。研究结果得出了安全科学原理新体系-基于人体信息处理的安全阈值理论及模型。

To enrich content of man-machine system and promote the development of safety science theory,basic principles of safety threshold were studied,a model was built for safety threshold on basis of analysing relationships between sensory threshold,human factor and safety characteristic. A definition of safety threshold was put forward based on accident model of human errors. Sensory threshold was viewed as dominant factor of unsafe behavior. Also six characteristics of safety threshold were researched systematically. A theory of safety threshold was founded from three dimensions-the threshold model,the conscious theory and threshold curve. A new model of accident cause was built. New education methods were worked out. The range of safety threshold was expounded. A new way to control accidents was identified. Relationships between sensory threshold and safety culture,occupational health and man-machine functions were studied.