秋水仙素诱变离体卷丹多倍体的研究

Study on Polyploid Induction of Lilium lancifolium in Vitro with Colchicine Treatment

用0.15%秋水仙素附加2.00%二甲基亚砜诱变离体培养的卷丹小鳞茎,避光条件下摇床诱导,用组织培养结合不定芽诱导技术获得了多倍体苗,并对多倍体染色体数目进行鉴定。结果显示,诱导96 h效果最好,变异率达到54.29%。细胞学观察发现,对照为三倍体、非整倍体和极少数单倍体细胞组成的嵌合体,诱变出的4棵变异株细胞分别为染色体数目由53～72条的不同比例构成,属于典型的非整倍的异倍型嵌合体。诱变株与对照植株间幼苗叶形指数、气孔密度及气孔大小等特征差异比较明显。

Lilium lancifolium bulblets were treated by 0.15% colchicine added with 2.00% dimethyl sulfoxide in vitro without light,and the polyploid seedlings were obtained by adventitious bud induction technology.The results of the chromosome quantity indicated that 96 h was the best induction time with the mutation rate of 54.29%.Via the cytological observation,as the control group was consisted by chimera including triploid,aneuploid,and few haploid,the chromosome quantity of these 4 mutative strains was consisted by the different proportion of 53-72 chromosome cells,and they were obviously aneuploid cytochimera.The mutant group showed obvious difference from the control group in leaf shape index of the seedling,stoma density,and stoma size.