福州浦下洲湿地开发引发的热环境变化

Thermal Environment Change Initiated by Development of Puxiazhou Wetlands in Fuzhou

随着中国城市化进程的快速发展,城市周边的湿地经常因城市扩展而被占用,造成了局部生态环境的变化。利用遥感技术,研究福州市浦下洲湿地开发引起的热环境变化。利用LandsatTM卫星影像反演了浦下洲湿地2006年(开发前)和2010年(开发后)的建筑指数、植被覆盖度、土壤和植被湿度、地表温度等主要地表信息参数,分析湿地开发前后这些参数的变化及其主要原因。结果表明,与2006年相比,该湿地被部分开发后,2010年,植被覆盖度平均减少了10.00%,湿度平均降低了25.64%,建筑指数平均增大了13.85%,地表温度平均升高了48.39%。浦下洲湿地部分被开发为建设用地后,地表温度显著提高,热环境发生了明显变化。

Urban build-up areas have been overdeveloped with the accelerated urbanization process in China.This has caused significant degradation of regional eco-environment. In order to study the thermal environmental change initiated by the development of Puxiazhou wetlands in Fuzhou, Southeast China, the part of the wetlands was developed to a local exhibitation center, two Landsat TM images in 2006 and 2010 were utilized to perform feature extraction of thermal-related information of the wetlands. The extracted feature information included built-up land, fractional vegetation coverage, wetness, and land surface temperature. The analysis on the changes of the above thermal-related feature information revealed that the development of the wetlands to the exhibition center had caused the reduction of wetness and fractional vegetation coverage by 10.00% and25.64%, respectively, and the increase in built-up index value by 13.85%. Consequently, the land surface temperature of the wetlands has risen by 48.39%. Obviously, the development of the Puxiazhou wetlands to the exhibition center had resulted in the intensive land use change. The conversion of green and water areas to built-up lands had raised the land surface temperature and thus changed the thermal environment of the wetlands.