国际法视野下的标准治理

Governance by Standards:International Law Perspective

全球化带来的世界转型,使国际体系呈现一体化和碎片化交织的复杂模式。而依循国际法进行的全球治理,则因其治理乏力而饱受争议。究其原因,公私治理主体间的矛盾、治理方式的僵硬,导致治理价值的受损。以标准作为全球治理的技术(以下简称"标准治理"),更好地折射出全球治理的优势和限度。一方面,多元多层级标准治理主体之间的合作和互动,增进了决策权的复制与移转,使治理方式更为灵活有序。另一方面,国家导向与市场导向权威之间的可能摩擦,恐使全球治理屈从于"排除知识落伍者"的单一治理模式。更为重要的是,标准治理激发了对国际法秩序,特别是国际法传统渊源的反思和重塑,对于如何更好地推动公私标准的融合、改善国际立法及其遵守,继而推动全球治理的可持续发展提供了新契机。

With the transformation of globalization, the international system turns out to be both complex integration and fragmentation. Global governance, however, is still weak and controversial. Due to the contradiction between the public and private governance body, the stiffness of the governance mode, the value of governance has even been challenged. As a technology of global governance （ hereinafter referred to as the ＂governance by standard＂ ）, standard can better reflect the advantages and limits of global governance. On the one hand, it can lead to multiple multi-level cooperation, interaction between the governance bodies, and improve the decision-making through power reproduction and power transfer, which makes governance more flexible and orderly. On the other hand, the tension between the authority of state-based and the authority of market-based might rise, even global governance might turn out to be technocracy. In addition, governance by standard has reshaped traditional sources of international law, providing a new opportunity for better promoting public and private standard integration, improving the international legislation and compliance, and consequently contribute to the sustainable development of global governance.