延伸性护理干预在精神分裂症患者社区康复中的应用

Application of extended nursing intervention on schizoprene ’ s rehabilitation in community

目的：探讨延伸性护理干预对社区精神分裂症患者康复中的临床应用效果。方法将84例精神分裂症患者按所居住的社区街道分组，北塘区40例为干预组，崇安区41例为对照组，两组患者住院期间均予以常规药物治疗和健康教育，出院时予出院指导，干预组出院后转入社区开放病区接受持续12个月的上门巡诊和电话访问，并建立延伸服务档案。采用社会功能缺陷筛选量表（ SDSS）评定两组患者社会功能情况，比较两组患者病情复发率和再住院情况。结果巡诊6个月末、12个月末，干预组患者服药依从性和药物管理形式好于对照组；干预组复发率分别为12．5％，27．5％，再住院率分别为7．5％，17．5％均明显低于对照组复发率（34．1％，58．5％）和再住院率（26．8％，48．8％），两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。巡视12个月末，干预组SDSS总分及部分因子分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论延伸性护理干预能提高患者服药依从性，降低复发率和再住院率，改善社会功能和预防其衰退。

Objective To explore the effect of extended care on the social function of schizophrenia patients in community rehabilitation.Methods Eighty four cases of schizophrenia were randomly divided into intervention group （Beitang District,40 cases） and control group（ Chong’an District, 41cases）.All patients received regular drug treatment and health education, and got guildance when discharged.Patients in the intervention group were recived follow-up intervention and telephone interview for 12 months, and bulided the extended care data.Social Disability Screening Schedule （ SDSS ） was used to evalue the social function of patients, and relapse rate and readmission rate were compared between the two groups.Results When discharged 6 months and 12 months, medication adherence and medication management form of the patients in the intervention group were better than that in the control group, the relapse rates in the intervention group were 12.5%, 27.5%, and readmission rates were 7.5%, 17.5%,which lower than 34.1%, 58.5%,26.8%, 48.8%in control group, and the difference was significant （P〈0.05）.Total scores and partial factors scores of SDSS were lower in the intervention group when dischared 12 months （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Extended nursing intervention could improve the social function of patients, and reduce relapse rate and readmission rate.