肠缺血／再灌注损伤与防治措施

Ischemia/reperfusion injury of the intestine and protective strategies against injury

背景肠缺血／再灌（ischemia／reperfusion，I／R）损伤是外科实践中常见的组织器官损伤之一，在严重感染、创伤、休克、心肺功能不全等疾病的病理生理演变过程中起重要作用。目的就肠I／R损伤产生机制以及防治措施的研究进展进行综述，为今后临床工作提供指导。内容针对肠I／R损伤机制（氧自由基、能量缺乏、细胞内Ca^2＋超载、炎症反应、细胞异常凋亡）及其防御措施的研究进展展开论述。趋向肠I／R损伤是综合性原因引起，采取综合性防治措施可防治肠I／R损伤。

Background The intestinal ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury is one of the most common organ damages in surgical practice, it plays an important role in the developing of pathophysiology about serious infection, wound, shock, cardiorespiratory functional dysfunction. Objective This review summarizes the advances in mechanism of the intestinal I/R injury and protective strategies against the injury in order to provide guidance for the future clinic practice. Content Discuss the relative progress about the mechanisms （oxygen free radical, energy deficiency,intracellular Ca^2＋ overload, inflammatory response, abnormal cell apoptosis） and the protective measures of intestinal I/R damage. Trend The intestinal I/R injury is caused by the complex causes. The comprehensive measures may prevent intestinal I/R injury.