摘要
血凝素(Hemagglutinin,HA)是流感病毒的主要表面抗原之一,诱导机体产生中和抗体,介导病毒囊膜与靶细胞膜融合,从而启动病毒对宿主细胞的感染过程。HA蛋白以前体形式合成,需经宿主蛋白酶水解为HA1、HA2两个亚单位,并以二硫键连接,病毒才获得感染性。研究表明宿主蛋白酶的分布与流感病毒感染后的致病力和组织嗜性有直接关系。潜在的裂解酶及其抑制因子的发现为流感的防治提供了新的思路,成为干预治疗的新潜在靶点。就当前国内外关于流感病毒血凝素的结构与功能、裂解机制及其应用的研究进展进行综述。
As one of the major surface antigen of the influenza virus, hemagglutinin （ HA ）, induces neutralizing antibody and mediates the virus entry into target cells, thus starts the first essential step in the viral life cycle. HA is synthetized as precursor protein in infected cells and subjected to cleavage by host cell protease to HA1 and HA2 subunits, which are linked by disulfide bond. Cleavage is essential for influenza virus infectivity. Recent studies proved a close relation between the protease＇ s distribution and the viral tropism and pathogenicity. The study of potential HA-processing proteases and re- lated inhibitors lay a new way for the prevention and therapeutic intervention of virus. In this review, the potential HA-pro- cessing proteases, especially for the human influenza viruses, and implication for viral tropism and pathogenicity were dis- cussed.
出处
《微生物学免疫学进展》
2014年第6期75-78,共4页
Progress In Microbiology and Immunology
关键词
流感病毒
血凝素
裂解
蛋白酶
Influenza virus
Hemagglutinin
Cleavage
Protease
