施硅方式对稻米镉阻隔潜力研究

Phytoexclusion Potential Studies of Si Fertilization Modes on Rice Cadmium

选取重金属复合污染荒田土壤,采用室外水稻盆栽试验的方法,设计了4个施硅措施:不施用硅肥(CK)、基施硅肥(Tsi)、喷施叶面硅肥(Ysi)和2种硅肥配施(Tsi+Ysi),研究了硅肥不同施肥方式对杂交晚稻(丰源优299)5个生育期内各部位中Cd的含量、器官间转运系数以及对水稻成熟期生物量的影响.结果表明,与CK处理相比,硅肥施肥处理组都能显著降低水稻籽粒中Cd的含量且不会明显影响水稻产量,其中以2种硅肥配施对籽粒的降Cd效果最佳,分别使谷壳、糙米和精米降Cd幅度达到62.59%、58.33%和65.83%,基施硅肥处理和喷施叶面硅肥处理的降Cd潜力次之.因此,研究结果表明无论是基施硅肥还是喷施叶面硅肥都能作为一种很有潜力的稻米Cd污染控制技术.

The research used serious situ multi-metal contaminated soils to explore Cd repair potential in rice by adding different kinds of fertilizers,based on the outdoor pot experiment. The experiment was consisted of four treatments including non-used fertilizers（ CK）,the silicon fertilizer applicated into soil（ Tsi）,the silicon fertilizer applicated as foliar spray（ Ysi） and the silicon fertilizer applicated into soil combined with the foliar spray silicon fertilizer application（ Tsi ＋ Ysi）. The research examined Cd concentrations in tissues of five key growth periods to reveal cadmium（ Cd） migration rules,translocation coefficients,rice biomass and yields. The results showed that,compared to CK,different fertilization methods of Si had significant impacts on decreasing Cd in brown rice and polished rice,but not in rice yields; In addition,Tsi ＋ Ysi had the best effects to decrease Cd in edible grains,which resulted in Cd concentrations of husk,brown rice and polished rice reduced by 62. 59%,58. 33% and 65. 83%,respectively,and the effects of applying Tsi and Ysi were the second. Therefore,Tsi,Ysi and Tsi ＋ Ysi were confirmed to be potential Cd pollution control technologies to rice.