骨皮质切开术加速正畸牙齿移动的临床研究

Clinical application of corticotomy in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement

目的探讨骨皮质切开术加速正畸牙齿移动的临床效果。方法选择30例需要拔除两侧上颌第1双尖牙的患者进行配对实验。所有样本均采用MBT直丝弓矫正器,以150 g的力拉尖牙向远中移动。一侧为实验侧,尖牙周围骨质行骨皮质切开术;另一侧为对照侧。观察加力前及加力后第14、28、42、56天时的尖牙移动距离、牙周状况和牙体长度。结果加力后第14、28、42、56天,患者骨皮质切开侧牙齿移动距离分别为(0.857±0.124)、(1.579±0.281)、(2.401±0.385)、(2.719±0.414)mm,大于对照侧的(0.731±0.115)、(1.132±0.314)、(1.830±0.416)、(2.244±0.489)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。加力后第56天患者两侧的牙周状况及牙体长度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论骨皮质切开术能够有效加速正畸牙齿的移动,对正畸牙齿牙周状况和牙体长度无影响。

Objective To explore the effects of corticotomy in the acceleration of movement of orthodontic tooth. Methods Thirty cases who needed extract the bilateral upper premolars were selected. MBT straight wire braces were bonded and forces of 150 g were applied on both sides after leveling and aligning. Corticotomy was applied on the left side as study side, while the other side as control side. The movement distance, periodontal status and length of canine of cuspid teeth before add force and 14,28,42,56 days after add force were recorded. Results The movement distance of canine at 14,28,42,56 days after add force in the study side was （0. 857 ± 0. 124）, （ 1. 579 ±0.281 ）, （2.401 ± 0. 385 ） and （2.719 ±0.414） mm respectively,and in control side was（0.731 ±0. 115）, （ 1. 132 ±0. 314）, （ 1. 830 ±0. 416） and （2. 244 ±0.489） mm respectively; the movement distance in study side was longer than that in control side（P 〈0.05）. While there was no statistic difference of periodontal status and length of canine between study side and control side after force applying 56 days （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The corticotomy can accelerate tooth movement,while it has no influence on periodontal status and length of canine.