新形势下国际大石油公司发展战略

The oil majors' development strategies in the new business environment

以埃克森美孚、BP、壳牌、雪佛龙、道达尔五家国际大石油公司2013年经营业绩为基础,通过纵向分析和横向比较,总结了埃克森美孚、壳牌、道达尔、雪佛龙公司业绩下滑及BP业绩逆势反弹的原因,并对各个公司面对业绩变化采取的战略调整举措进行了类比和归纳。国际大石油公司的战略管理对于公司业绩具有重要影响,是石油公司提升竞争力的关键。从五大国际石油公司的业绩变化成因以及战略调整轨迹看,国际大石油公司在战略管理方面具有很大的相似性。新形势下石油公司的战略调整在很大程度上体现了克制冒险、务实、更加注重当前利益与长远利益相结合的特点。

The development strategy of five of the oil majors, namely Exxon, BP, Shell, Chevron and Total, is derived mostly from their 2013 annual reports. Certain key business measures of these companies are compared and contrasted horizontally and vertically to answer questions such as why some companies suffered a business slowdown while others, BP in particular, experienced a contrarian rebound. Initiatives adopted by each company to make strategic adjustments to performance change are summarized and compared. Strategic management is seen to have a significant impact on performance and to be vital to improving competitiveness. Causes of the secompanies'performance change and strategic adjustment to their trajectory are examined. They have many similarities in strategic management. These companies' mid- and long-term development strategies are predicted interms of the irinvestment and assetmanagement, technological innovation, business sector expansion, etc. In the new business environment these companies' strategic adjustment's salient characteristics are restrained risk taking, practicality, and greater focus on combined current and long-term benefi t.