试论俄罗斯东正教哥萨克节的产生

On the Birth of Russian Orthodox Church Cossacks' Day

为了团结俄罗斯哥萨克,莫斯科和全俄东正教牧首基里尔宣布,新历9月1日(教历8月19日)的顿河圣母像日为俄罗斯东正教哥萨克节。俄罗斯东正教会设立东正教哥萨克节,既有特定的社会背景,也有深刻的历史文化根源。首先,俄罗斯社会重视历史、回归历史的大环境,为哥萨克在当代俄罗斯的发展提供了良好条件。其次,哥萨克优秀的传统文化为社会所需,则是哥萨克在当代俄罗斯受重视的重要文化原因。第三,历史上俄罗斯东正教会和哥萨克形成的密切关系及其在当代俄罗斯合作的现实需要,是该节日产生的直接原因。目前,俄罗斯大力支持哥萨克发展,并且高度重视历史回归和公民爱国主义教育。在可预见的未来,东正教哥萨克节将成为东正教会和政府重视和支持的重要节日之一。

To unite Russian Cossacks, the Orthodox Church Cossacks＇ Day in Russia was declared by Kirill -- the patriarch of Moscow and the Russian Orthodox on September 1st 2010 （religion calendar on August 19th 2010）. The reasons for proclaiming Cossacks＇ day include not only the specific social context, but also deep cultural and historical roots. Firstly, the Russian society pays more attention to the history, which provides a favorable opportunity for Cossacks to develop themselves in contemporary Russia. Secondly, the outstanding traditional culture of Cossack satisfies social needs and enhances its recognition in contemporary Russia. Thirdly, the close relationship between Russian Orthodox Church and Cossacks in the history, and practical needs for cooperation give rise to the birth of this festival. Currently, Russia supports the development of Cossacks, and attaches great importance to both returning to history and patriotic education for citizens. In the foreseeable future, the Orthodox Church Cossacks＇ day will become one of the most important festivals to which both the Orthodox Church and the government will accord importance and support.