雷达态势界面中目标搜索的视觉局限实验研究

Experimental study on visual limitation experiment of goal-seeking in radar situation-interface

针对复杂信息界面的信息疏漏、误判等出错问题,从视觉局限角度展开视觉搜索实验研究.实验采用某航战雷达执行任务界面的模拟环境,提取视觉局限的主要相关因素,以信息物视野位置、间距、数量为3个变量,进行了敌、友机及不明物的目标搜索的视觉局限实验设计.实验结果表明,态势界面中的目标搜索间距不宜太大,当目标间距为48和96 mm时,对视觉搜索反应耗时长,易疏漏、误判;随着间距增加,不同视野位置信息的视觉搜索出错率呈线性增大,而反应时呈倒V形变化;相对上视野,周围视野呈现目标数量为6时出错率高,最容易产生疏漏.因此,在雷达态势界面中产生疏漏、误判等的出错与信息物的视野位置和间距具有内在关联性,不同因素变化使出错率和反应时数据呈现不同趋势.

An experimental study on visual search was conducted from the perspective of visual limi-tation to solve the problems such as information omissions and misjudgments in complex information interfaces.Based on the simulated environment of the radar task-interface,the major correlation fac-tors of visual limitation were extracted.The visual limitation experiment for goal-seeking of enemy planes,friend planes and unidentified flying objects were designed with three variables including the visual region,distance and quantity of information carrier.The results show that the goal seeking distance should not be too long.The goal distance with four times （48 mm）and eight times （96 mm）when visual searching,leading to a time-consuming reaction and an inclination to omissions and misjudgments.For the visual search of information with different distances and visual regions, the error rate presents a linear increase while a changing curve of inverted V during the reaction is exhibited.The peripheral field of vision shows the highest error rate and is most likely to result in o-missions when the number of goals is six.The investigation results show that there exists an intrinsic correlation between the errors such as omissions and misjudgments and the vision regions and dis-tances of the information carrier.The variations of different factors contribute to the different tenden-cies of error rates and data received in reaction.This conclusion may play a guiding role in the infor-mation layout design of complex information interfaces.