产肠毒素大肠杆菌感染的分子致病机制

Molecular pathogenic mechanisms of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection

产肠毒素大肠杆菌(enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC)是发展中国家人群腹泻的主要原因,一直是西方国家旅行者腹泻的最常见病因,也是引起动物(尤其是幼龄动物)腹泻的主要病原菌。根据ETEC产生热敏和(或)热稳定肠毒素特性可以将其分类成不同致病型。针对这类重要病原体的疫苗研发目前仍然面临着艰难的挑战。本文综述了病原体-宿主相互作用的分子机制,从基因组学和蛋白质组学两方面介绍致病菌的多种毒力因子以及作为靶标研发疫苗的潜力,分析了病原与不同宿主易感性的差异,为针对ETEC新型疫苗的研发和有效预防ETEC感染提供理论依据。

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli（ETEC）is the major cause of diarrhea in developing countries,and the most common cause of traveller＇s diarrhea in Western countries,as well as the major pathogens of diarrhea in animals,especially in neonatal and young animals.According to the heat-labile and/or heat-stable enterotoxins carried by ETEC,it could be devided into different pathotypes.And the vaccine development for these important pathogens remains to be a formidable challenge.This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms of pathogen-host interactions,introduces the different kind of virulence factors and its potential role for vaccine development,and also analyses the differences between pathogen and host with various susceptibility,supporting the basis for new kind vaccine development and preventing ETEC infection.