枯草芽孢杆菌Bs-15在枣树体内和土壤中的定殖及其对土壤微生物多样性的影响

Colonization of Bacillus subtilis Bs-15 in Jujube Plant and Soil and Its Influence on the Microbial Diversity in the Soil

为明确枯草芽孢杆菌Bs-15在枣树定殖能力及其对土壤微生物多样性的影响,本研究通过盆栽试验研究了菌株Bs-15在枣树体内和土壤中的定殖情况,通过固体平板法和Biolog方法分析了菌株Bs-15对土壤微生物种群数量和功能多样性的影响。结果显示,通过浇灌法和涂抹叶片法,菌株Bs-15均能在枣树根、茎、叶和土壤中成功定殖,定殖量达到104 cfu/g以上的水平。接种菌株Bs-15后,土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量略有增加,而真菌数量的增长速度极显著下降。Biolog ECO微生物平板分析结果显示,菌株Bs-15提高了土壤中微生物的每孔颜色平均变化率,72 h后达到极显著差异;提高土壤微生物多样性指数,其中Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和McIntosh多样性指数的差异达到极显著水平,Simpson均匀度和McIntosh均匀度的差异达到显著水平。本研究结果表明菌株Bs-15具有良好的定殖能力,提高了土壤微生物的整体活性以及土壤微生物种群和功能多样性。

We evaluated the colonization ofB. subtilis Bs-15 in jujube （Zizyphus jujuba Mill. ‘Jinsi 4’） plants and its rhizospheric soil via pot experiments, and measured its effects on the community structure and functional diversity of soil microbes. Results showed that the Bs-15 colonized well in jujube plant and soil by irrigating and leaf daubing, with no less than 104 cfu/g of colonization amount. The number of bacteria and actinomycetes in soil increased but without significance, while that of fungi decreased significantly after Bs-15 inoculation. The Biolog ECO microplates analysis showed that averaged well color development （AWCD） value of the microbial communities in the Bs-15 inoculated soil increased a little before 72 h, and increased significantly after 72 h. In the presence of Bs-15, the parameters （Shannon index, Simpson index and McIntosh index） of the functional diversity of the soil microbial communities increased significantly at 0.01 level, and Shannon uniformity and McIntosh uniformity increased significantly at 0.05 level.