洪灾区儿童心理创伤症状与心理韧性的关系

Trauma Symptoms and Resilience Among Children in Flooded Area

目的调查洪灾3个月后灾区儿童心理韧性和创伤症状的关系。方法采用修订版儿童事件影响量表(CRIES)、青少年心理韧性量表、自编洪灾创伤暴露程度问卷对690名洪灾区儿童进行调查,用方差分析、logistic回归分析进行数据分析。结果1家里受灾组在CRIES量表侵入、高唤醒因子的得分高于家里未受灾组;感受到生命威胁组在CRIES 3个因子的得分均高于未感受到生命威胁组;2心理韧性高分组在CRIES量表回避、高唤醒的因子得分低于心理韧性低分组;3 Logistic回归分析结果显示感受到生命危险、目睹死亡正向预测PTSD倾向,心理韧性量表中的情绪控制因子得分负向预测PTSD倾向,积极认知因子得分正向预测PTSD倾向。结论家里受灾、感受到生命威胁、目睹死亡是重要的洪灾创伤暴露指标;心理韧性尤其是情绪控制能力是儿童重要的复原特征,但心理韧性中的积极认知不利于其心理复原。

Objective To explore the relationship between trauma symptoms and resilience among children three months after flooding. Methods A total of 690 children completed questionnaires including Children＇s Revised Impact of Event Scale （CRIES）, Adolescent Resilience Scale and self- made checklist; variance analysis and logistic regression were both adopted for statistical analyzing. Results Students with house attacked by flood scored higher at dimensions of intrusion and arousal of CRIES than those with no house attacked. Students who had perceived life threatening scored higher at all the three dimensions of CRIES than students who had not per- ceive life threatened. The group with high resilience scored lower in CRIES than group with lower resilience. Logistic regression suggested that the tendency of PTSD could be positively predicted by ＂perceived life threat- ened＂ and ＂witnessed death＂, and negatively predicted by emotional control and positive predicted by the di- mension of positive cognition in Adolescent Resilience Scale. Conclusion ＂House was attacked by flood＂, ＂perceived life threatening＂ and ＂witnessed death＂ are the key indexes of trauma exposure in flood; resili- ence, especially the ability of emotional control is important feature of psychological recovery, yet the positive cognition of resilience can exert a bad effect on psychological recovery among the children.