严复与斯宾塞、赫胥黎之间的思想关系——一个主要基于伦理学的解读

On the Theoretical Relationships of Yan Fu with H.Spencer and T.H.Huxley: A Ethical Analysis Mainly

关于严复与斯宾塞、赫胥黎的思想关系,存在着两种主要观点:一种观点认为,严复在几乎所有的主要问题上都接受了斯宾塞的理论,而另一种观点认为,严复的理论是对斯宾塞和赫胥黎以及中国传统哲学的糅合、折衷。从伦理学的角度对折衷论的论据考察发现,这些论据都难以成立,把严复理解为斯宾塞主义者比将其理解为折衷主义者更符合实际。

There are two kinds of understandings now concerning the theoietical relationships of Yan Fu with H. Spencer and T. H. Huxley. One of them insists that Yan adopted Spencer＇s heory on almost all fundamental the- oretical issues; the other, however, holds that Yan＇s main viewpoints resulted from both Spencer and Huxley, that is to say, they were the mixture or compromise of those two thinkers＇ theories （ even Chinese traditional philosophy as well）. The paper, mainly from the angle of ethics, has carefully checked dl arguments on which the later un- derstanding establishes, and reached the conclusion that those arguments are too weak to lead to that understand- ing. According tO the author, it is fitter to take Yan as a Spencerian than as ~ compromiser. ＂