基于空间相互作用模型的县域城镇体系结构定量化研究——以科尔沁左翼中旗为例

Quantitative Analysis and Urban System Planning of County Area Based on Spatial-Interaction Model: A Case in Horqin Left Middle Banner, Inner Mongolia

以空间相互作用模型为基础,GIS为主要平台,通过改进断裂点模型,实现了对科左中旗城镇体系结构的分级以及经济区的划分。首先,提出了以城镇中心性强度代替城镇人口规模并结合加权Voronoi图的模型改进方法。然后,通过引入加权平均距离摩擦指数、成本加权距离等概念,建立并完善了中心性强度计算的指标体系。利用所得的中心性强度值并结合当地实际,将研究区的城镇体系结构划分为中心镇、二级中心镇以及一般镇3个级别。最后,通过比较常规Voronoi图与改进Voronoi图两种空间划分方案,最终确定以各城镇中心性强度的平方根为权重的改进Voronoi图的空间划分方案作为研究区城镇辐射范围的划分依据,再通过逐步合并与搜索,得到科左中旗的经济区划分方案,即以中心镇为主的东、中、西三大经济区。

This article realizes the classification of urban system structure and the division of economic zone in Horqin by improving the breaking point model based on spatial interaction model and GIS platform. First of all, it introduces a model improving method which replaces the urban population with the centrality strength and combines the weighted Voronoi Diagram. Then it builds and completes the centrality strength computing index system by introducing the concepts of weighted average distance friction index of towns and cost weighted distance, etc. The urban system structure has been classified into central towns, secondary central towns and common towns. Finally, by comparing two space division solutions of regular Voronoi diagram and weighted Voronoi Diagram, it can be found that the latter has been determined to be the final solution of urban influenced regions. By merging and searching the sub-regions step by step, this article divides the study area into three economic zones—east economic zone, middle economic zone and west economic zone. The results reflect the current situation and the tendency of development of urban system and provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of urban system in Horqin Left Middle Banner.