金发藓属化学成分及抗肿瘤作用研究进展

Progress in the studies on chemical constituents and anti-tumor effects of polytrichum spp.

从金发藓的化学成分、抗肿瘤活性和抑癌机制等方面对国内外金发藓属植物研究的现状进行了综述.已有研究表明,在金发藓属(Polytrichumspp.)植物中分离得到苯并萘并呫吨酮类化合物及其衍生物、苯乙烯醛基并联苄化合物和苯乙烯基并二氢黄酮类化合物等具有新颖结构骨架的化合物,药理活性分析显示这些新化合物对体外培养的多种肿瘤细胞(如:A-549人肺癌细胞、HepG2人肝癌细胞、MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞等)均具有一定的细胞毒性,并能显著抑制白血病细胞(6T-CEM人T细胞白血病细胞和小鼠P388、L1210白血病细胞)的增殖.其作用机制可能与线粒体功能损伤、活性氧失衡、细胞周期阻滞、破坏细胞膜及诱导凋亡相关.未来可从化学结构与抗肿瘤活性的构效关系、在体抑癌效果、药物代谢、抗肿瘤机制等方面展开深入研究.

The recent advances in the study on chemical constituents,pharmacological activities and anti-tumor mechanism of Polytrichum spp.are reviewed.A series of new compounds with novel skeletons and significant bioactivities have been obtained from Polytrichum spp. For example,1 1 new benzonaphthoxanthenones with novel polycyclic skeleton,2 unusual flavonones coupled with styryl units and 2 novel cinnamoyl bibenzyls from the moss Polytrichum commune L.ex Hedw, Polytrichum ohioense Ren＆amp;Card and Polytrichum pallidisetum Funck, respectively.These compounds exhibited cytotoxicity against several kinds of tumor cells in vitro,including human lung carcinoma （A-549）,human hepatoma carcinoma （HepG2）,human breast adenocarcinoma （MCF-7 ＆amp; MDA-MB-435）,huamn bowel carcinoma （LOVO）,human colon adenocarcinoma （HT-29 ）, Human melanoma （RPMI-7951 ） and human glioblastoma multiforme （U-251）.Moreover,these new compounds also can significantly inhibit the growth of leukaemia cells （6T-CEM human T cell leukemia,9PS murine P388 leukemia and L1210 murine lymphocytic leukemia ）. Studies demonstrated that mitochondria dysfunction, excessive accumulation of active oxygen radicals,cell cycle arrest,cell membrane inj ury and cell apoptosis-inducing are the possible underlying anti-tumor mechanisms. Further studies are needed to confirm the chemical structure-antitumor activity relationship, drug metabolism, anti-tumor effects and precise mechanism not only in vitro but in vivo.