3个核桃品种的光合-光响应特性

Light response characteristics of photosynthesis in three Juglans regia cultivars

为了研究不同核桃品种光能利用特点差异的生理学机制,从而为不同核桃品种的优质高效栽培提供理论指导,以‘鲁光’、‘扎343’和‘强特勒’这3个核桃品种为试验材料,利用Li-6400便携式光合系统对其光合-光响应特征进行了研究。结果表明,3个核桃品种光响应曲线的特征参数存在差异:‘强特勒’的最大光合速率(Amax)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、光饱和点和光补偿点均高于‘鲁光’和‘扎343’;而表观量子效率(AQY),鲁光品种的最高;3个核桃品种的净光合速率(Pn)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶片水压亏缺值(Vpdl)、叶片温度(Tleaf)、水分利用效率(WUE)等参数对光合有效辐射强度(PAR)的响应均有所差异。文中的分析结果也表明:在高光强下,‘强特勒’适宜一般密度的栽培;在弱光环境下,‘鲁光’适宜密植;‘扎343’则宜于适度的密植。

In order to study physiological mechanism of light energy utilization differences among different cultivars, and to provide a theory base for high quality and efifcient cultivation of different Juglans regia cultivars, taking‘Luguang’,‘Zha 343’ and‘Qiangtele’ as materials, light response characteristics of photosynthesis were studied by using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The results show that there are differences among parameters of light response curves of three cultivars. The maximum net photosynthetic rate （Amax）, dark respiration rate （Rd）, light saturation point and light compensation point of‘Qiangtele’ are higher than those indexes of‘Luguang’ and‘Zha 343’, and the apparent quantum yield （AQY） of‘Luguang’ is the highest. The responses of net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, transpiration rate （Tr）, vapor pressure deifcit at leaf surface （Vpdl）, leaf temperature （Tleaf） and water use efifciency （WUE） of the three cultivars have some differences to the photosynthetic available radiation （PAR）.‘Qiangtele’ is suited for general cultivation density under high-intensity light, and‘Luguang’ and‘Zha 343’ are suited for close cultivation and modest close cultivation under weak light condition, respectively.