吊罗山热带雨林空气负离子浓度与气象要素的关系

Relationship between Negative Air Ion Concentration and Meteorological Elements in Diaoluoshan Tropical Rainforest

空气负离子不仅具有镇静、催眠、减轻咳嗽、增加食欲、降血压等多种医疗保健功能,还是评价空气清洁度的重要指标。本文对吊罗山热带雨林空气负离子浓度及气象要素(雨量、风速、气温、相对湿度等)进行监测,旨在探索不同天气状况下(尤其在降雨条件下),热带雨林空气负离子浓度与气象要素之间的关系。研究结果表明:①热带雨林空气负离子浓度与降雨强度具有显著正相关关系,具体表现为降雨强度越大,空气负离子含量越高。降雨过程中,雨滴与与植物叶片、枝干、土壤等发生撞击时发生了雷纳德效应;②热带雨林空气负离子浓度变化量与降雨强度发生变化时的雨量变化量呈显著正相关;③降雨强度较小时(15min内降雨量2mm),负离子浓度与非降雨条件下无显著差异;晴天、多云、阴天等非降雨状况下,负离子浓度也没有显著差异;④无论在降雨还是非降雨条件下,热带雨林空气负离子与气温、风速之间的关系均不显著。

Negative air ions have healthcare effects such as sedation,hypnosis,relieving coughs, increasing appetite and lowering blood pressure. These ions are also known as‘environmental police＇and are an important indicator of air cleanliness. To explore the relationship between the negative air ion concentration of tropical rainforests and meteorological elements under different weather conditions（especially under rainy conditions）,the concentration of negative air ions and meteorological elements（rainfall,wind speed,air temperature,relative humidity）were determined for the Diaoluoshan Tropical Rainforest. The determination was taken once an hour from 07∶15-17 ∶15 every day from 12-17 September 2013 and the relationship between negative air ion concentration and meteorological elements was analyzed using multiple linear regression. We found that tropical rainforest negative air ion concentration has a positive correlation with rainfall intensity;the Lenard effect occurs when raindrops are crashing with the leaves,trunks and soil in the tropical rain forest during precipitation process. Rainforest negative air ion concentration and rainfall change are positively correlated,the greater the change in precipitation the greater change the negative air ion concentration and vice versa. If the intensity of rainfall is relatively low（rainfall intensity less than or equal to 2 mm within 15 min）,there is no difference between negative air ion concentration under non-rainy weather conditions（i.e. sunny,cloudy and overcast）;no difference in the negative air ion concentration was found under non-rainy conditions. There is no relationship between negative air ion concentration and air temperature and wind speed under rainy or non-rainy conditions.