扬州地区急性散发性诺如病毒感染性腹泻的临床特点分析

Clinical Characteristics of Norovirus infection with Acute Viral Diarrhea of Yangzhou City

目的：分析55例急性散发性诺如病毒性腹泻患者的流行病学特征和临床特点，为该病的防治提供科学依据。方法收集扬州市三家哨点医院2013年1月-12月门诊腹泻患者大便标本513份，分析临床资料，同时用 RT-PCR方法检测诺如病毒。结果诺如病毒阳性者55例，阳性率10.7％。感染者的年龄与未感染诺如病毒患者比较差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4.27，P＜0.05），而性别、职业、是否为食源性疾病与未感染诺如病毒患者比较差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0.086-3.21，P值均＞0.05）。临床症状的发生诺如病毒感染者更易出现发热（χ2＝4.6，P＜0.05），而其他症状如腹泻次数（≥5次/天）、腹痛、恶心、呕吐等与未感染诺如病毒患者比较差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0.139-3.636，P值均＞0.05）。结论诺如病毒是急性腹泻的常见病原体，发病率较高，单凭临床症状很难与其他腹泻相鉴别，需通过病原学诊断确诊。

Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in 55 patients with Acute Viral Diarrhea caused by Norovirus.And provide basis for preventing and controlling the spread of the disease.Methods A total of 5 1 3 fe-cal samples of diarrhea cases from 3 surveillance hospitals in 2013 from January to December were collected,analyzed the clinical date and detected Norovirus useing RT-PCR.Results The number of Norovirus positive was 55,positive rate was 10.7%.There were significant differences between Norovirus infection and not infected patients for age （χ2=4.27,P〈0.05）,then there were no significant differences between Norovirus infection and not infected patients for gender,employ-ment,whether food pathogenic diseases （χ2=0.086-3.21,P〉0.05）.The clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis pa-tients caused by Norovirus infection was fever （χ2=4.6,P〈0.05）,there were no significant differences for diarrhea （≥5 times/day）,bellgache,vomiting,nausea （χ2=0.139-3.636,P〉0.05）.Conclusion Norovirus is common pathogens of a-cute diarrhoea,which incidence is higher.Clinical symptoms alone is difficult to differentiate with other diarrheaphases.The confirmed diagnosis is depended on the etiology.