广东省城市居民应对突发公共卫生事件反应和对政府评价的调查

Investigation on public and government response to public health emergencies among urban residents in Guangdong Province

目的了解广东省城市居民对突发公共卫生事件发生时的反应以及事件过后对政府的评价,为完善政府的相关健康教育和促进对策提供科学依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,利用配额抽样的方法,采取拦截访问的方式对广州市越秀区、荔湾区和深圳市罗湖区的常住居民进行问卷调查。结果电视、报纸、广播传统媒体和网络在突发公共卫生事件信息传播中贡献的作用巨大,合计85.1%;42.8%的民众心理感受倾向于紧张和缺乏安全感,18.5%表现为平和;居民采取的行为中,93.4%是减少外出、改变居住环境和生活习惯;76.7%的民众认为政府在控制甲型H1N1流感时的措施比2003年SARS流行期间有效。结论公众对突发公共卫生事件的反应趋于理性,但心理感受仍倾向于紧张和缺乏安全感,应针对不同年龄人群采取相应的宣传和干预措施。

Objective To investigate public and government response to public health emergencies among urban residents in Guangdong, and provide scientific basis for developing government strategies of health education and promotion. Methods Permanent residents in Yuexiu District, Liwan District in Guangzhou and Luohu District in Shenzhen were chosen by quota sampling and interviewed with a self-designed questionnaire. Results The three traditional media （television, newspapers, radio） and network were contributed to 85.1% of role for information dissemination in public health emergencies. 42.8% of residents felt nervous and insecure, 18. 5% of them were calm. 93.4% of them decreased their outdoor activities and changed their dwelling environment and living habits. 76. 7% of the public believed that government response during influenza A （H1NI） epidemic were more effectively than those responses during SARS period. Conclusion Residents＇ response to public health emergencies tended to be rational, but most of their psychological feelings were still nervous and insecure. To improve this situation, appropriate measures of propaganda and intervention should be taken among different age groups.