山西省、重庆市4县区农村糖尿病前期人群糖尿病知识、态度和行为现状研究

Present situation of the knowledge,attitude and behavior level of the pre-diabetes population in four rural counties in Shanxi and Chongqing

目的 了解山西、重庆4县区农村糖尿病前期人群糖尿病相关知识、态度、行为现状及影响因素.方法 以采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法进行的糖尿病患病率调查中确定的糖尿病前期患者为调查对象进行问卷调查.结果 共调查糖尿病前期患者994人,其中男性406人,女性588人.农村糖尿病前期人群对空腹血糖受损、糖耐量减低的知晓率仅为6.46％和5.75％;认为糖尿病健康教育、糖尿病筛查及开展行为指导必要的人在64.05％～79.90％之间;高达68.93％ ～ 75.78％的人没有进行增加身体活动、控制饮食、控制或减轻体重的想法.知识、态度、行为水平间呈正相关.知信行评分多重线性回归方程建立后,年龄、文化程度纳入知识评分方程,性别、年龄、知识得分纳入态度评分方程,文化程度、家庭人均月收入、知识及态度得分纳入行为评分方程,经检验P＜0.01.结论 农村四县区糖尿病态度水平较好,知识、行为水平较差,急需对农村糖尿病前期患者,特别是女性、高年龄及低文化程度的前期患者开展有针对性的健康教育和行为指导.

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude,behavior levels and their influencing factors of prediabetes population in four rural counties.Methods 994 pre-diabetes that were selected from diabetes prevalence survey which used randomized multi-stage cluster sampling method were questioned with a questionnaire.Results 994 pre-diabetes patients were investigated,in which 406 were men,588 were women.The awareness rate of impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance in rural pre-diabetes patients were only 6.46% and 5.75%.64.05%-79.90% considered health education,diabetes screening and behavior guidance necessary for pre-diabetes patients.Up to 68.93%-75.78% had no intentions to increase physical activity,control diet and lose weight.Knowledge,attitude and behavior were positively correlated.After multiple linear regression equations were established,we found that the knowledge score equation included age and education level,the attitude score equation included gender,age and knowledge score,the behavior score equation included education level,family income,knowledge and attitude scores （P 〈 0.01）.Conclusion The attitude level is good,while the knowledge and behavior levels are poor.There is an urgent need for rural pre-diabetes patients,particularly women,elderly and low education level pre-diabetes patients to carry out targeted health education and behavior guidance.