流浪精神障碍患者临床特征与安全管理对策

Clinical characteristics of mental disorders for the vagrants and safety management countermeasures

目的：了解流浪精神障碍患者的临床特征和危险因素，为进一步改进安全管理措施提供依据。方法：对收治由“110”民警送入院的120例流浪精神障碍患者，进行回顾性统计分析。结果：①流浪精神障碍患者共73例，其中男性47例，女性26例，男性多于女性，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；年龄18～68岁，平均年龄（33.95±12.24）岁；②合并躯体疾病30例（41.10%），以感染性疾病、皮肤软组织损伤、中重度贫血比例为高。结论：精神障碍患者外出流浪既有病理、心理和社会因素，又有独特社会人口学特征，掌握流浪精神障碍患者的临床特征，有效规避了精神科护理安全的风险，保证了患者的安全。

Objective：To understand the clinical features and risk factors in vagrants with mental disorders, in order to pro_vide a reference for the further improvement of safety management measures. Methods：120 vagrants with mental disorders delivered by the “110” police were retrospectively analyzed. Results： （1） There were 73 vagrants with mental disorders, wherein 47 cases were male and 26 cases were female, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0. 05）. Their age was 18-68 years old with an aver_age of （33. 95±12. 24） years old. （2） 30 cases had somatic diseases （41. 10%）, with a high proportion of the infectious diseases, skin and soft tissue injury and moderate to severe anemia. Conclusions：The pathological, psychological, social factors and unique so_cio-demographic independently contribute to the risk of homelessness. Mastering the clinical features of the vagrants with mental disor_ders can effectively avoid the risk of psychiatric nursing safety, in order to ensure the safety of the patients.