摘要
青海湖地区是目前已知的狗獾分布海拔最高点。为了解狗獾在青藏高原严酷生态环境下的生活史特点,并验证是否人类干扰造成了狗獾夜行性的假说,我们利用红外相机技术,结合无线电遥测和野外调查研究了青海湖湖东地区亚洲狗獾(Meles leucurus)的种群密度、洞穴口的行为及活动节律。结果表明:(1)研究地区狗獾的平均种群密度为1.2±0.6只/km2,其分布受食物丰富度的影响;(2)狗獾基本在夜间活动,出洞时间集中在20:00–23:00之间,而回洞时间则集中在清晨4:00–7:00之间,23:00–4:00之间是狗獾的活动高峰;(3)狗獾离洞前行为主要是警戒行为,回洞穴时的行为主要是嬉戏行为,其他行为较少见,表达具有特定的时间性;(4)人类活动对于狗獾活动没有显著性影响(P<0.05)。
The Qinghai Lake area is the known highest place with Asian badger （Meles leucurus） distribution in the world. In order to test the hypothesis that human interference caused the nocturnal activity rhythm of badgers, we used infrared cameras in complementary of telemetry of radio collared two badgers to record ac- tivity rhythm of badgers at the entrances of their setts in the eastern shore of Qinghai Lake. We also estimated the population density and recorded the behaviors expressed by the badgers with infrared cameras and other conventional field investigations. The results showed： （1） through infrared camera records and sett density estimation, the average badger densities in this area were 1.2 ＋ 0.6 badgers/kin2 and being influenced by food abundance. （2） the most common behavior expressed by badgers at sett entrances was vigilance behavior when badger emerged from the setts, followed by the play behavior when badgers returned to setts. （3） badg- ers mainly emerged from the setts between 20：00-23：00 and returned to the sett between 4：00-7：00 in the following morning. Their activity peak focused between 23：00-4：00. Human activity had no influence on the nocturnal activity rhythm of badgers.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期758-763,共6页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(31372175)
