口腔颌面外科患者医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in hospital infection in patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery

目的了解口腔颌面外科患者医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为降低医院感染率提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2012年7月-2013年12月180例口腔颌面外科患者的临床资料,使用VITEK-2Compact全自动微生物鉴定仪器进行病原菌鉴定;数据采用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。结果 180例口腔颌面外科患者中有20例发生医院感染,感染率为11.11%,感染部位以呼吸道感染最多,共12例,占60.00%;检出20株病原菌,革兰阴性菌11株占55.00%、革兰阳性菌6株占30.00%、真菌3株占15.00%;铜绿假单胞菌对头孢唑林100.00%耐药,大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南100.00%敏感。结论口腔颌面外科患者的医院感染率较高,以革兰阴性菌感染为主,主要发生于呼吸道,应加强抗菌药物的合理应用。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in hospital infec‐tion in the patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery and provide reference for reducing hospital infection rates . METHODS The clinical data of 180 patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery in our hospital from Jul . 2012 to Dec .2013 were analyzed retrospectively .Pathogenic bacteria were identified by VITEK‐2 Compact full‐auto microbial identifier and data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17 .0 .RESULTS There were 20 cases of hos‐pital infection in the patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery （11 .11% ） ,and the main infection site was respir‐atory tract （12 cases ,60% ） .A total of 29 pathogens were detected ,including 11 gram negative bacteria account‐ing for 55 .00% ,6 gram positive bacteria accounting for 30 .00% ,3 fungi accounting for 15 .00% .Pseudomonas aeruginosa had 100% resistance to cefazolin and Escherichia coli had 100% sensitivity to imipenem . CONCLUSION The rate of hospital infection in the patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery is high which main‐ly occurs in respiratory tract and is mainly induced by gram negative bacteria ,the reasonable application of antimi‐crobial agents should be strengthened .