引种地芦荟雄性不育的生殖生物学研究

Research on Reproductive Biology of Aloe Male Sterility in Introduction Area

以引种地库拉索芦荟为试材,通过田间试验和室内分析,综合应用解剖学、光学显微镜、荧光显微技术和石蜡切片技术相结合的方法,从形态学、细胞学、生殖生物学的角度进行研究。结果表明:芦荟花药壁的发育属基本型,完全分化时从外到内的细胞层依次是表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层,其绒毡层属于腺质绒毡层。小孢子母细胞的减数分裂过程中胞质分裂为同时型,形成的小孢子四分体为左右对称型,成熟花粉为二细胞型。小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程出现异常,使小孢子呈现出不同程度的衰败,导致大量败育花粉产生,表现为雄性不育,导致库拉索芦荟雌性不育。

Taking Aloe vera L. as test material,integrated application anatomy, optical microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and paraffin method of combining technology, morphology,cytology,reproductive biology study of tile angle through field trials and laboratory analysis were studied. The results showed that the aloe anther wall＇s growth was funda^mntaI style, the cellular layer when differentiated completely from outside to inside was in turn： the epidermis, the endothecium,the middle layer and the tapetum,its tapetum was glandular. For the development of male gametophyte,in microspore mother cell meiosis,the cytoplasm division was of simultaneous types and procreant microsporocyte tetrad was eudipleural. The mature anthers belonged to a two-cell type. At the same time, pollen mother cells in the process of meiosis occurred abnormity, showed a small spore were different degree of abortion,resulted in a large number of abortion pollen, for the performance of male sterility.