某医院骨科住院患者感染病原菌的分布及耐药性研究

DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF PATHOGENS IN A HOSPITAL ORTHOPEDIC INPATIENTS

目的研究骨科住院患者感染病原菌种类及其耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法采用细菌分离培养和药敏试验方法,对某医院骨科病房1 460份送检标本进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果从1 460份标本中共检出病原菌860株,检出率58.9%。在检出的病原菌中,革兰阳性球菌占66.0%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌居前3位;革兰阴性杆菌占30.0%,主要包括铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌等;真菌占4.0%。骨科临床分离革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素和替考拉宁敏感,革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南敏感。结论骨科住院患者感染病原菌主要是革兰阳性球菌,临床分离的病原菌对常用抗菌药物普遍耐药,根据药敏试验结果选择抗菌药物是有效控制感染的关键。

Objective To study the orthopedic in patients infected with pathogens and their drug resistance, so as to pro- vide rational use of antimicrobial drugs for clinical reference. Methods The bacterial culture and separation method and drug- sensitivity test were used to detect 1 460 the submission specimens from a hospital orthopedic ward. Results From the 1 460 specimens 860 pathogens were detected, and the detection rate was 58.9%. In the detection of pathogens, the Gram - positive cocci accounted for 66. 0% , including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus among the top three ; the Gram - negative bacilli accounted for 30. 0%, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter spp, etc. fungi accounted for 4.0%. Orthopedic clinical isolates of Gram - positive cocci were sensitive to Vancomycin Teicoplanin, and the Gram - negative bacilli were sensitive to Imipenem. Conclusion Or- thopedic infection pathogens in hospitalized patients are mainly Gram - positive cocci, and the clinical isolates of pathogens are resistant to commonly used antibiotics in general antimicrobial drugs. Antimierobial drug selection according to drug - sensitivity resuh is the key point to control the infection.