祭孔乐舞与礼乐精神的传承发展

The Inheritance and Development of the Music and Dance Used in the Confucius Memorial Ceremonies

从祭孔乐舞发展演变的历史轨迹看,最初的祭孔活动,只是孔门弟子及孔氏后人的家事,慎终追远是最主要的内容,乐舞告祭并非必要的形式。后来,则逐渐演变为一种官方主导的祭祀活动,乐舞规格也就随之不断变迁。当代中国的祭孔活动,虽然也经历了从民间祭祀到政府主导的变迁,但其中蕴含的礼乐观念已与古代社会迥然不同。作为历朝历代祭孔活动的重要组成部分,祭孔乐舞无疑是研究我国礼乐制度和文化观念发展演变的重要资料。透过这些看似呆板单调的音乐和舞蹈,我们可以非常直观地体会到不同时代礼乐精神的变迁。

The earliest Confucius memorial ceremonies during the ancient time were carried out by his descendants and pupils as a domestic event without any extra music or dance included. As time went they gradually became a type of government dominated memorial ser vices and the added music and dance in turn developed to be an impor tant element within the ceremonies. Music and dance used in such ceremonies throughout the histor y are valuable materials for scholarly research of a broad scope of related topics.