Lancaster类群玉米自交系穗长的遗传研究

Genetic Studies on Ear Length of Inbred Lines from Lancaster Group

利用完全和不完全双列杂交材料对玉米穗长进行了杂种优势分析和遗传模型测验。结果表明:以Lancaster类群为母本的杂交组合F1代中合344优势均值最高(53.26%),一般配合力适中(0.914 1),生产上加以利用可组配出超亲中穗品种;Mo17由于本身为长穗自交系,所以优势均值适中(29.04%),但一般配合力最高(7.585 2)。通过对Lancaster类群玉米穗长的遗传模型测验可知,玉米穗长的遗传符合加性-显性模型,加性效应和显性效应真实存在,且加性效应更为重要。Mo17穗长的一般配合力最高,是最有潜力组配出中-长穗品种的亲本。

The heterosis analysis and Raven Progressive Matrices of maize ear length were conducted with a group of complete diallel cross design and a group of incomplete diallel cross design. The re？sults indicated that in the F1 of cross combinations with Lancaster group as male parent, the average heterosis value of combination 344 is the highest （53.26%）, the general combining ability is moder？ate （0.914 1）, and super pro？medium ear varieties will be combined if it is used in the production. The average heterosis value of Mo 17 is moderate（29.04%）because it is long？ear inbred line itself, but its general combining ability is high （7.585 2）. Through Raven Progressive Matrices of ear length by the Lancaster group, inheritance of the ear length in maize was found to agree with addi？tive？dominant model. Additive effect and dominant effect did exist and additive effect was more im？portant than dominant effect. Long ear was dominant to short ear and dominant gene is synergistic gene. The frequency between dominant gene and leaky gene is identical, and among all the parents, Mo17, for its most dominant genes, is the most potential parent to cross？combine long ear varieties.