克百威、吡虫啉、福美双复配处理对玉米根际土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of Carbofuran Imidacloprid Thiram Complex Treatments on Soil Enzyme Activities in Maize Rhizosphere

为探寻种衣剂浓度对玉米根除土壤酶活性的影响规律,以科大16为供试材料在大田高产栽培条件下,研究了CT(10%克百威·10%福美双)和CIT(9%克百威·9%吡虫啉·9%福美双)在药种比分别为1∶20、1∶30和1∶40三种浓度处理下,对玉米杂交品种科大16的根际6种土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:在CT和CIT不同浓度下,科大16根际土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性从苗期到成熟期均呈先升高再降低的趋势;而根际土壤脱氢酶活性则表现为苗期最大后逐渐下降的趋势。CT和CIT不同浓度处理对根际6种土壤酶活性的影响,与CK进行比较,苗期差异显著且最大,并且差异性大小与种衣剂浓度高低呈正相关;拔节期、大喇叭口期和花期,CT和CIT低浓度处理对根际酶的活性的影响与苗期相比变大。CT和CIT各处理显著降低了植株病虫侵害率,使玉米植株生长健壮,进而提升产量三要素,与CK相比增产效果显著。为提高玉米产量在实际生产中,可以通过种衣剂拌种来达到粮食高产的目的,种衣剂浓度以CT2(10%克百威·10%福美双按药种比1∶30拌种)和CIT2(9%克百威·9%吡虫啉·9%福美双按药种比1:30拌种)为宜。

High yield cultivation under field conditions,the effects of different agents,corn hybrids enzyme activity in rhizosphere soil after KD16 different concentrations. The results showed that： The rhizosphere enzyme-rhizosphere urease,alkaline phosphatase,protease,invertase and catalase activity of KD16 showed a trend of decreasing after increasing under different CT and CIT concentration treatments. However rhizosphere soil dehydrogenase activity showed a trend of declining. Compared with the CK,different concentrations of seed-coating agent CT and CIT had the most significant effect on rhizosphere urease,alkaline phosphatase,protease,invertase,catalase and dehydrogenase activity at seedling stage,and there was a positive correlation between differentiation and seed-coating agent concentration. In jointing stage,huge bellbottom stage and flowering stage,smaller CT and CIT concentration treatments had a greater influence on rhizosphere enzyme compared with seedling stage. The different treatments of CT and CIT significantly reduced the infection rate of corn plant, maked the corn plant grow stronger, and then promoted three major determinants of corn yield,increased significantly compared with the CK. In the actual production,producer can achieve the goal of high yield by using seeds mixed with seed-coating agent,and the most appropriate concentration were CT2 and CIT2.