宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influence factors of chronic diseases among rural inhabitants in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

目的探讨宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病现状及其影响因素,为农村居民慢性病的防治提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法对在宁夏回族自治区海原、盐池、同心、彭阳、西吉5个县抽取的30 583名农村居民进行问卷调查。结果宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病率为13.34%,年龄标化患病率为13.09%;患病率居于前5位的慢性病依次为:高血压(36.82‰)、类风湿性关节炎(15.63‰)、胃肠炎(14.49‰)、椎间盘疾病(9.45‰)、胆结石和胆囊炎(8.14‰);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、年龄≥35岁、回族、在婚及丧偶宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病的危险因素,文化程度初中及以上、职业为务工、饮用水来源为手压机井水和江河湖水是宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病的保护因素。结论宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病率较高,性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业和饮用水来源是宁夏回族自治区农村居民慢性病患病的主要影响因素。

Objective To explore the prevalence and influence factors of chronic diseases among rural inhabitants in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region（Ningxia） and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods A total of 30 583 rural inhabitants were selected from Haiyuan,Yanchi,Tongxin,Pengyang and Xiji country of Ningxia with multi-stage random sampling and investigated with a face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results The overall prevalence and adjusted prevalence of chronic diseases in the inhabitants were 13.34% and 13.09%, respectively. The five most common chronic diseases were hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, gastroenteritis, inter vertebral disc disease, and cholecystitis and gall stone with the prevalence rates of 36. 82%~, 15.63%e,4. 49%e,9.45%e, and 8. 14‰, respectively. The risk factors for the chronic diseases were female, aged ≥35 years, Hui nationality, married, and widow or widower. The inhabitants with education of junior high school or higher, being a worker, and having drinking water from a hand-drawn well,a river or a lake had low prevalence rates of chronic diseases. Conclusion The rural inhabitants of Ningxia have high prevalence rates of chronic diseases and the main influence factors of the chronic disease prevalence are gender, age, ethnicity, education level, marital status, occupation and primary source of drinking water.