基层疾病预防控制机构人员职业倦怠状况及影响因素分析

Job burnout and its influencing factors among staff in a grassroots center for disease prevention and control

目的分析某基层疾病预防控制机构人员职业倦怠的现状及其影响因素,探讨职业特征与职业倦怠的关系。方法以某基层疾病预防控制中心全体工作人员245人作为研究对象,采用自行设计的一般人口学和职业特征调查问卷及Maslach职业倦怠普适量表(MBI-GS)进行调查。结果职业倦怠的总体检出率为58.65%,其中轻度、中度、重度倦怠分别占56.56%、32.79%和10.66%。职业倦怠3个维度检出情况为情绪衰竭31.73%,犬儒主义31.73%,成就感低落26.92%。职业倦怠的严重程度与日常工作数量、临时性工作数量及每日重复工作时间占总工作时间的比例有关(P<0.05)。结论基层疾病预防控制机构职工的职业倦怠检出率较高,具有较高的情绪衰竭和犬儒主义,整体职业倦怠形势不容乐观;承担重复性及工作数量较多的职工职业倦怠较重。

Objective To analyze the status of job burnout among the staff in a grassroots center for disease control and prevention, and to explore the relationship between job characteristics and job burnout. Methods A total of 245 staff from a district center for disease control and prevention were investigated with a questionnaire survey using Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey （ MBI-GS ） and a self-designed questionnaire about demographic and job characteristics. Results Among the staff,the overall detection rate of the job burnout was 58.65% and the detection rate of mild, moderate,and severe burnout was 56. 56% ,32. 79%, and 10. 66%, respectively; the positive rate of the emotional exhaustion,cynicism, and diminished professional efficacy was 31.73%, 31.73% , and 26. 92% respectively. There were significant associations between the severity of the job burnout and the item of daily work, the item of temporary work, the proportion of the repetitive job working time （P 〈0. 05 for all）. Conclusion Job burnout detection rate was high in the staff in grassroots center for disease control and prevention and the staff suffered from highly exhaustion and cynicism, suggesting that job burnout situation is not optimistic in grassroots center for disease control and prevention. The staff who undertook repetitive work and more work load could suffer from severe lob burnout.