绝缘子表面雨凇覆冰粘结力及其影响因素研究

Research of the Glaze Cohesive Force on Insulator Surface and Its Influencing Factors

雨凇覆冰对电力系统安全运行造成了严重影响,国内外针对覆冰粘结力进行了大量研究,但大多数采用的是金属和玻璃材质,尚未深入分析雨凇覆冰状态下绝缘子材质的覆冰粘结力。基于多功能人工气候室,以瓷、玻璃、复合硅橡胶为基底模拟绝缘子表面材质,从冰层温度、防冰涂料、材料憎水性、覆冰水电导率等几个方面对雨凇覆冰粘结力进行了试验研究。研究结果表明:不同材料的雨凇覆冰粘结力不同,复合硅橡胶板的粘结力低于瓷板和玻璃板;雨凇覆冰粘结力随冰层温度的降低先升高后降低,在温度为-8℃时达到最高;涂覆憎水性涂料后,瓷板和玻璃板的雨凇覆冰粘结力显著下降,且高自洁防污闪涂料的防冰性能优于持久性就地成型防污闪复合涂料;雨凇覆冰粘结力随着材料表面的憎水性升高而降低;覆冰水电导率对雨凇覆冰粘结力的影响较小。研究结果可为雨凇频发地区的绝缘子防冰工作提供参考。

Glaze affects secure operation of power system seriously, a lot of researches on cohesive force are performed home and abroad, most of them utilize metal and glass material and the glaze cohesive force on insulator surface is not analyzed in depth. In this paper, in the multi-function artificial climate chamber, porcelain, glass and composite silicone rubber were used to simulate the insulator surface, the relationship between ice temperature, anti-icing coating, hydrophobic properties, water conductivity and glaze cohesive force was studied. Test results show that the glaze cohesive force of different materials is not same, cohesive force of composite silicone rubber plate is lower than the porcelain plate and the glass plate. The glaze cohesive force grows firstly and then falls down when the ice temperature decreases and it will reach to a maximum under -8 ℃. After coated with hydrophobic coating, the glaze cohesive force of porcelain plate and glass drops significantly and the deicing performance of self-cleaning-room-temperature-vulcanized anti-contamina- tion flashover composite coating （SRTV） is better than that of permanent-room-temperature-vulcanized anti-contamination flashover composite coating （PRTV）; Glaze cohesive force decreases with the hydrophobic properties of material increasing. The water conductivity has little influence on the glaze cohesive force. The obtained results are available for reference to the deicing work located in the region where the glaze frequently occurs.