24个烤烟品种田间抗旱性的比较筛选与综合评价

Comparative Screening and Comprehensive Evaluation of 24 Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties Drought-resistantce under Field Condition

为筛选可用于生产和育种的抗旱烤烟品种,本试验利用大型活动式防雨旱棚进行人工控水,对24个烤烟品种进行干旱胁迫,对团棵期和旺长期各烤烟品种生长指标及抗旱相关生理生化指标进行测定。结果表明,干旱下株高、单叶面积、叶片含水量、根冠比等生长指标均呈下降趋势,而脯氨酸、可溶性糖和丙二醛(MDA)含量则有所增加,但不同品种间甚至同一品种在不同生育期下各项指标的变化存在明显差异。利用模糊数学中隶属函数的方法计算各指标的隶属函数值并对不同品种在2个生育期的抗旱性进行综合评价,发现筑波1号的平均隶属函数值最高,为0.721,其他依次为G-80(0.676 5)、K346(0.631)和潘圆黄(0.608 5),抗旱性较强,而云烟87、吉烟7号、NC89的平均隶属函数值均低于0.4,表现出相对较弱的抗旱性。

The selection of qualified germplasm with drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco is a critical problem for agricultural production or breeding.In the experiment,the moving waterproof installations were used to strictly control the soil water contents,then the growth status of plants,detailed physiological and biochemical characteristics were determined.The results indicated that some of the physiological index such as plant height of flue-cured tobacco plant,leaf area,leaf water content and root cap ratio of physiological index were on the decline,while proline,soluble sugar and malondialdehyde content increased.Moreover,notably differences were observed between the characteristics of different varieties,even the same variety at different stages of growth.In order to avoid the one-sideness of single index,the method of membership function in fuzzy mathematics was performed in the experiment.Then a comprehensive evaluation on drought resistance of different varieties was made.Zhubo No.1 exhibited a relatively higher drought resistance among the 24 tobacco varieties due to its highest average membership function values in both growth stage（0.721）,and the next ones were G-80（0.6785）,K346（0.631） and Panyuanhuang（0.6085）,whereas Yunyan 87,Jiyan 7 and NC89 were the quite opposite.The research provided important information on the selection and breeding for drought-resistant tobacco varieties in the future.