透明土中孔隙流体的实验研究

Experimental study on pore fluid for forming transparent soil

在透明土配置中,为了选择与熔融石英砂相匹配的孔隙流体,通过实验研究CaBr2溶液、CaCl2·2(H2O)溶液和白矿物油混合物3种孔隙流体.研究孔隙流体折射率随温度和质量分数(或体积比)的变化规律,测定了3种孔隙流体的黏度和平均色散值等物理性质.实验结果表明,3种孔隙流体的折射率均随温度的升高而线性降低,无机盐溶液的折射率与质量分数呈线性关系,质量分数越高,折射率越大,白矿油混合后的折射率与混合体积比有关,可以用Arago-Biot方程描述.黏度以CaCl2·2(H2O)溶液为最大,CaBr2溶液最小.色散值以白矿物油为最小.总结了筛选孔隙流体的一般性原则,认为白矿物油的安全性最好.

Three kinds of pore fluid, including the solution of CaBr2, CaCl· 2（H2 O） and white mineral oil mixture, were analyzed by experiments in order to choose the pore fluid for matching the fused quartz sand in transparent soil. The refractive index variations with temperature and mass fraction as well as viscosity and mean dispersion of the candidate fluid were tested. Results show that the relationship between refractive index and temperature or mass fraction is linear. When temperature rises the refractive index goes down, while it occurs reverse when mass fraction rises. The data fitting shows the refractive index of white mineral oil after the mixture fit the Arago-Biot equation. The viscosity of CaC12 · 2（H2O） solution is the highest, while the CaBr2 solution is the lowest. For the mean dispersion, the white mineral oil shows the smallest variation. Then the general principles for choosing the candidate fluid for the transparent soil were concluded. Results show that the white mineral is the safest.