莎士比亚戏剧的现代西方文学理论研究述评

Review of research on Shakespeare's plays from the perspective of western literary theories

从莎士比亚的同时代人本·琼生起始,关于莎剧的评论和研究几乎贯穿整个西方文学理论发展史,从精神分析、女权主义、存在主义、原型批评、接受理论、后殖民主义批评、生态批评、后现代主义、一直到新历史主义构成了一条解析莎剧的完整链条。通过分析这些理论在莎剧中的解读与阐释,展示莎剧的全面而深邃,从而使人们更为清晰地理解莎士比亚作为一位剧作家所具有的跨越时空、光照百代的巨匠风范。重读其经典剧作带给人们的一种在自省时听到自我、感受内在变化的冲击力。

There has been long - lasting research on Shakespeare＇ s plays with flourishing new theories. Ever since Ben Jonson, a contemporary of William Shakespeare, the review of and research on Shakespeare＇ s plays has gone through the progress of western literary theories, with an integral chain of psycho - analysis, feminism, existentialism, archetypal criticism, acceptance theory, post - colonial criticism, eco - criticism, postmodernism and new historicism. With the interpretation of the theories in Shakespeare＇ s plays, this paper attempts to exhib- it to the readers what a great master Shakespeare is and what great intrinsic impacts a second reading of his clas- sic plays bring on their introspection, which helps restore the enchantment from his plays to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Shakespeare＇ s death.