油井变频电磁场防蜡机理研究

Technical research for oil well variable frequency electromagnetic field paraffin prevention

结蜡是油井生产中经常遇到的问题,严重时会使产量递减甚至停产。常用的防蜡技术有很多种,由于受到使用条件的限制或其他因素的影响,防蜡施工费用高、工作量大,需频繁进行清蜡,严重影响生产效率。为了能够实现节能、环保、高效的防蜡效果,提出了变频电磁场防蜡技术。根据麦克斯韦电磁理论原理,电磁场相互转化时磁场的强度决定于线圈的直径、电流强度以及线圈匝数。通过实验对变频电磁场防蜡器激励源在不同电流强度和频率时的防蜡效果进行对比,结果表明在一定范围内电流值增大防蜡效果会增强,但是超出一定限度就会出现下滑趋势;在相同电流强度的情况下,低频段的防蜡效果明显优于高频段防蜡效果。显微镜实验同样验证了以上结论的正确性。现场三口井的应用实践表明,通过最佳电流强度和频率的配置,确实可以起到延长洗井周期,提高产量,降低电能消耗,提高油井生产效率的效果。

Oil well paraffin is one problem that often occurs in oil production;it will seriously affect or e- ven suspend oil production. There are many kinds of paraffin prevention technology, but due to the limi- tation of specific conditions or other factors, there are existing shortcomings of these technologies, like high cost, heavy workload, and the paraffin to be cleared frequently, what＇ s worse, it has greatly affected working efficiency. In order to make the paraffin prevention process energy saving, environmental and ef- ficient ,we propose the technique of variable frequency electromagnetic field paraffin. According to the principle of Maxwell＇ s electromagnetic theory, the reciprocal transformation of electromagnetic field and magnetic field intensity are determined by diameter of the coil, current intensity, as well as the turn num- ber of coils. According to the paraffin prevention effect of variable frequency electromagnetic field experi- ment,it can be observed that within a certain limit that the paraffin prevention effect will be better with the increasing of current value, but when it exceeds a certain limit, there will be a downward trend of paraffin prevention effect ;in the case of the same current intensity, the paraffin prevention effect of low frequency is significantly better than that of the high frequency. Meanwhile, microscopy experiments alsoverify the above conclusions. Judging from the practice in three wells in site,, this technology can extend the flushing period, increase oil production, reduce power consumption and improve efficiency of oil well production with the optimum configuration of the current intensity and frequency.